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Method of imparting energy
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Light
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Source of energy
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Gas laser
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How energy is transmitted
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Beam guided by mirrors
fiber-transmission
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How cut material is expelled
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Gas jet, plus additional gas expels
material
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Physical machine set-up
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Laser source always located inside
machine
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Typical process uses
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Cutting, drilling, engraving, ablation, structuring, welding
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Method of imparting energy
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Water
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Source of energy
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High-pressure pump
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How energy is transmitted
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Rigid high-pressure hoses transmit the energy
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How cut material is expelled
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A high-pressure water jet expels waste material
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Physical machine set-up
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The working area and pump can be located separately
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Typical process uses
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Cutting, ablation, structuring
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3D material cutting
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Difficult due to rigid beam guidance and the regulation of distance
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Materials able to be cut by the process
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All metals (excluding highly reflective metals), all plastics, glass, and wood can be cut
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Material combinations
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Materials with different melting points can barely be cut
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Sandwich structures with cavities
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This is not possible with a CO2 laser
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Cutting materials with liminted or impaired access
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Rarely possible due to small distance and the large laser cutting head
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Properties of the cut material which influence processing
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Absorption characteristics of material at 10.6 µm
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Minimum size of the cutting slit
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0.006", depending on cutting speed
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ommon applications for this process
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Cutting of flat sheet steel of medium thickness for sheet metal processing
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3D material cutting
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Partially possible since residual energy behind the workpiece is destroyed
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Materials able to be cut by the process
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All materials can be cut by this process
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Material combinations
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Possible, but there is a danger of delamination
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Sandwich structures with cavities
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Limited ability
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Cutting materials with liminted or impaired access
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Limited due to the small distance between the nozzle and the material
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Properties of the cut material which influence processing
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Material hardness is a key factor
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Minimum size of the cutting slit
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0.02"
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ommon applications for this process
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Cutting of stone, ceramics, and metals of greater thickness
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